This article, based on Spanish chronicles and physical evidence, reveals in detail how the Inca Empire achieved the quarrying, transportation, cutting, and precise fitting of massive stones using tools such as hammer stones, ropes, and ramps. The article explores the core methods of their stonemasonry, including using hammer stones for rock splitting, collective cooperation in transporting megaliths, and achieving seamless joints through repeated testing and clay filling. It also clarifies misconceptions about “melting stones” and explains the impact of geological phenomena on the appearance of the stonework. This research not only showcases the engineering ingenuity of the Inca people but also offers profound insights into ancient materials science and construction techniques, holding significant value for understanding the evolution of human technology.
